What are some examples of inefficiency in cotton production in Turkmenistan?
The report gives examples of the inefficiency of the system for growing and harvesting cotton in Turkmenistan, including the pursuit of fictitious numbers, the lack of transparency in reporting, the corrupt behavior of officials on the ground, and the lack of opportunity for farmers to stand up for their rights.
How does Turkmen Cotton enter global supply chains?
How Does Turkmen Cotton, Produced With Forced Labor, Enter Global Supply Chains? ¨C The Diplomat How Does Turkmen Cotton, Produced With Forced Labor, Enter Global Supply Chains? Turkmenistan¡¯s cotton industry relies on forced labor, but despite boycotts and bans goods produced from Turkmen cotton continue to reach global markets.
Where does Turkmen cotton come from?
Broadly speaking, Turkmen cotton enters global markets either directly from Turkmenistan as finished or semi-finished goods or through supplies in third countries, such as Turkey and China, but also Pakistan and Portugal, which import Turkmen cotton, yarn, and fabric and produce textiles and other cotton products.
How is labor forced in Turkmenistan?
The report covers how labor is forced in Turkmenistan, conditions in the cotton fields, the experience of farmers, and also forced labor in the production of silk. The report also hones in on how Turkmen cotton enters the global supply chain and how it bypasses existing bans to enter markets in the United States and Europe.