Palm oil production generates two types of waste which are solid and liquid waste known as palm oil mill effluent (POME). On a wet basis, total product stream distribution in oil palm mills is more than 100% due to extra water being added during the process, like sterilization, and most of this water ends up in POME.
What is the average oil extraction rate in Malaysia?
The national average oil extraction rates (OER) in Malaysia since 1980 until 2002, have fluctuated from a low of 18.48% in 1982 to a high of 19.87% in 1987/1988, although many individual mills have obtained more than 20% OER.
What are the by-products of palm oil extraction?
The extraction of crude palm oil (CPO) results in several by-products, both solid and liquid, such as empty fruit bunch (EFB), palm kernel shell (PKS), mesocarp fibre (MF), and palm oil mill effluent (POME). At 67%, POME is the most abundant by-product of the CPO production process.
What are the different processes used in oil palm mills?
Among these are sterilization, bunch stripping, digestion, oil extraction, clarification, and purification. Each process has its specific unit operations. Various types of waste are generated by these extraction and purification processes. The majority of oil palm mills utilized a wet technique to extract oil from FFB.