In the Athabasca sands there are very large amounts of bitumen covered by little overburden, making surface mining the most efficient method of extracting it. The overburden consists of water-laden muskeg (peat bog) overtop of clay and barren sand.
Can palm oil be 100% sustainable by 2020?
It claims to have met this goal in 2012 and is encouraging the rest of the industry to become 100% sustainable by 2020. In Côte d’Ivoire, one of Unilever’s palm oil suppliers was accused of clearing forest for plantations, an activity that threatened a primate species, Miss Waldron’s red colobus.
Why is Saudi Arabia expanding its ports?
Saudi Arabia is increasingly activating its ports in order to participate in trade between Europe and China in addition to oil transport. To this end, ports such as Jeddah Islamic Port or King Abdullah Economic City are being rapidly expanded, and investments are being made in logistics.
Does Unilever have a sustainable palm oil plan?
Unilever, as a founding member of the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO), responded by publicising its plan to obtain all of its palm oil from sources that are certified as sustainable by 2015. It claims to have met this goal in 2012 and is encouraging the rest of the industry to become 100% sustainable by 2020.